Contamination - Our Worst Enemy
Contamination
is the #1 cause for failure in cartridge heater applications. You couldn't believe the condition of some heaters returned to
Dalton
Electric for failure analysis ... heaters covered with oil, burnt
plastic and crud (that's our technical term when we can't explain it).

The above heater had tremendous contamination in the terminal
cavity.
The oil on the wires had wicked into the Magnesium Oxide insulation and
caused a short to ground. A cutaway of the heater (shown below)
reveals the extent of saturation prior to failure.

There are two possible cures for prevention of contamination.
RTV rubber
can be inserted into the terminal cavity. This presents the best
barrier,
but will only perform under standard" temperature conditions
(to 450 degF).
Ceramic potting will go to the temperature limits of the heater,
but there
is a degree of porosity that does not completely exclude liquid
contamination
The Engineers at Dalton Electric are always happy to dissect a
failed heater
to determine how we might best deal with environmental limitations.
Next
week: Non-environmental contamination !!!
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